Leadership & Communication in Health Care Service Organizations Essay

Leadership & Communication in Health Care Service Organizations - Essay Example Without communication, an organization will not be able to function well. Eventually, this will lead to underachievement of organizational goals considering that the success of an organization is highly influenced by the entire communication process involved. It is in line with this that this paper includes the discussion about leadership, motivation and communication in an organization. The proponent tries to apply the information in line with leadership functions and activities of managers and their influence on the successful performance particularly in health services organizations. Thus, some theories, concepts and terms related with leadership are included based on their association with a successful performance and goal attainment of the health care service organizations. Leadership There are many existing theories about leadership and these primarily include great man, trait, contingency, situational, behavioral, participative, management, and relationship (Cherry par. 1-8). All of these theories have important contribution in understanding the success of health care service organizations. ... Thus, they usually end up differentiating their services and product offerings. However, the implementation of this specific approach is not going to be easy. In fact, this highly involves specific leadership approach depending on the type of strategies at hand. Great man theories assume that leadership is innate and that every great leader is born not made and that they will rise above others if it is necessary, while trait theories state that leadership traits are innate among leaders (Cherry par. 1-2). These theories are believed to be very applicable in an organization before but today the fierce competition existing between health service organizations would require competent leaders based on experience and other relevant qualifications. Thus, it is in this reason that in order to have effective leadership activity, a certain health service organization must necessarily understand other modern leadership concepts. Today’s leadership activity requires basic understanding o f both external and internal business environment. Thus, the remaining leadership theories are making sense on how exactly organizations are performing when it comes to their ability to apply the leadership concept. Contingency theories of leadership state that leader’s response to leadership is affected by factors in the environment such as leadership style, followers and situational aspects (Cherry par. 3). Thus, there are some health service organizations today that try to give more emphasis on enhancing leadership style and character development of their staffs. Situational theories state that leaders choose the best course of action in situations that requires decision making (Cherry par.4).

Induced Hypothermia in Post Cardiac Arrest Essay

Induced Hypothermia in Post Cardiac Arrest - Essay Example Lowering the patient's core temperature to 32-34 C is typical and appropriate for post cardiac arrest according to Bernard & Buist (2003). The use of hypothermia as a means of cerebral protection became established in the early days of cardiac surgery, the time when it was shown that hypothermia could prolong the safe period of circulatory arrest. From then on, hypothermic-perfusion-actively cooling body temperature down to 28 to 32 degrees Celsius during post cardiac arrest has been favored by the majority of surgeons for both valve surgery and CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft). However, many surgeons argue that hypothermia is an unnecessary convention if systemic circulation is uninterrupted with the use of CPB (Cardiopulmonary Bypass and cerebral perfusion is assumed to be adequate. On one hand, the use of normothermicperfusion (maintaining body temperature at around 37 degrees or allowing to drift down without active cooling) has not produced any solid evidence from neither clinical practice nor prospective randomized trials. Hypothermia may also be induced for several medical purposes. ... A few trials have indicated that hypothermic perfusion may be beneficial and that normothermic perfusion is potentially harmful. Martin et al. (1994) were the first to report an increased rate of postoperative stroke, both early and late, in CABG patients randomized to normothermic perfusion (actively warmed to 35 degrees Celsius or higher). These findings have been questioned, because the use of retrograde cardioplegia in these patients could have increased the risk of cerebral embolism. More patients with neurologic deficits were also found in the group randomized to normothermia by Mora et al. (1996), although NP testing did not support a difference in outcome between the two groups. Only one study so far has suggested an effect of temperature on NP performance. Regragui et al. (1996) studied 70 patients randomized to three temperature groups: 28 C, 32 C, and 37 C. Normothermia was found to result in worse NP performance than the other two groups. However, both the small numbers of patients and the method of analysis of NP deterioration in the study caution against accepting this finding. The application of hypothermia in a post cardiac arrest may also protect the brain and spinal cord (Schepens et al. 1994). However, Colon R. et al. (1987) had found that it can also cause its own complications especially when the hypothermia is profound (Svensson et al. 1993). As an alternative, some surgeons like Gott (1972) have provided adjunctive intraoperative perfusion with temporary arterial shunts and partial extracorporeal bypass (Bloodwell et al. 1968) or retrograde cerebral perfusion during hypothermic circulatory arrest. Furthermore, there are other techniques that have been tried like the preoperative radiographic